The dance steps listed below are the fundamental or basic 
steps most commonly used in Philippine folk dances. In some cases 
the names of the steps are the same as those found in foreign dances, 
but the manner of execution is entirely different. Some dance steps 
have no English equivalent names, so the native names are retained, 
such as "Kuradang", "Bacui", "Espunti", "Papuri", etc.

	The steps are described as they are executed by our people.

Music: 2/4 time. Counts 1, 2.

	(1) This is done in the manner as the step-hop in 
	    the reverse order, that is, the hop is done on 
	    the first count and step on the second.
	To left. (4 measures)

	(2) Hop in count 1, step on counts 2, 3.
 

Music: ¾ time. Counts 1, 2, 3 to a measure (2 M.).
	Change step obliquely forward R (L) (cts. 1 and 2), 
step L (R) across the R (L) in front (ct. 3); change step 
obliquely backward R (L) (cts. 1 and 2), point L (R) in 
front (ct. 3).
 

Music: ¾ mazurka time. Counts 1, 2, 3.
	
	Glide R (L) foot in second (ct. 1), cut R (L) 
sideward with the L (R) foot (ct. 2), hop on the L (R) foot 
and beat R (L) in rear or in front the R (L) foot close to 
the ankle of the L (R) foot (ct. 3). This step may be executed 
forward or going around also.

	Note:  It is most important that the cut be finished 
with an absolutely  straight knee in order that the final action 
may bring out the bended knee position.
 

Music: 2/4 or ¾ time. Counts 1, 2 in 2/4 time.

	Starting position: R (L) foot in fifth position in 
front, heels slightly raised or with the leading foot flat 
on the floor. Execute tiny steps sideward right (left) as 
many times as necessary. In ¾ time take one step for every 
count. In 2/4 time it maybe 2 steps for every count.
	In non-Christian dances the mincing step is usually 
done with both feet flat on the floor or the heel of rear 
foot with slightly raised.
 

Music: ¾ time. Counts 1, 2, 3.

	To right: (4 measures).

	(1) Step R foot in second position (cts. 1, 2), step 
	    the L sideward right across the R in front (ct. 3). 
	    Point R foot sideward left across the L in front 
	    (cts. 1, 2, 3) (2 M.).

	(2) Repeat (1) once more putting the weight of the 
	    body on the R foot on the last three counts (2 M.).
	
	To left: (4 measures).

	Repeat (1) and (2) starting with the L foot.
 

Music: ¾ time. Counts 1, 2, 3 (4 measures).

	Take one waltz-balance forward right (left) (cts. 1, 2, 3).

	Take one waltz-balance backward left (right) (cts. 1, 2, 3).

	Step-brush-swing hop forward with the R (L) foot (cts. 1, 2, 
3), and with the L (R) (cts. 1, 2, 3).
 

	(1) PLAIN POLKA. 
	Music: 2/4 time. Counts 1, and, 2, and (1 measure).
	
	Step L (R) foot in fourth in front (ct. 1), step R (L) 
close to L (R) foot in third in rear (ct. and), step L (R) in 
fourth in front (ct. 2), pause (ct. and). Bend the body to the 
same direction of the step. This may be executed in any direction.
 



	(2) HOP POLKA.
	Music: ¾ time. Counts 1, and, 2, and.
	
	It is a plain polka preceded by a hop before the first 
count of the music. The hop may be designated in the music by 
either a dotted or a grace note. Execute the step in the same 
manner as the plain polka.

	Hop on L (R) foot, and step or slide R (L) forward 
(ct. 1), close L (R) in third in rear (ct. and), and step R (L) 
foot forward (ct. 2) and pause (ct. and). This may be executed in 
any direction.
 

	(3) GLIDE OR SLIDE POLKA.
	Music: 2/4 time. Counts 1, and, 2, and, 1, and, 2, and 
	(2 measures).

	Take two glides forward and a plain polka. Slide L (R) 
foot in fourth in front (ct. 1), close R (L) to L (R) foot in 
third in rear (ct. and), glide R (L) foot in fourth in front 
(ct.2) close R (L) foot in third in rear (ct. and). Take one 
plain polka forward starting with the L (R) foot (cts. 1, and, 
2, and). This may be executed in any direction.
 

	(4) HEEL AND TOE POLKA.
	Music: 2/4 time. Counts 1, and, 2, and, 1, and, 2, and 
	(2 measures).
	
	Place the L (R) heel in fourth in front (ct. 1, and), 
touch the L (R) toe in fourth in front in rear (ct. 2, and). 
This may be executed forward and backward only.